Anatomy of General Surgical Operations

The surgical anatomy for multiple-electrode extracochlear implant operations.

Direct access to the whole length of the cochlear turns via endaural middle ear approach for the placement of extracochlear electrodes is severely restricted. Approximately 10 mm. of the cochlear turns are accessible, being less than a third of their length. The middle cranial fossa, the facial nerve, the internal carotid artery and the temporomandibular joint restrict the access. A further res...

Cancelled elective general surgical operations in Ayub Teaching Hospital.

BACKGROUND Cancellation of operations in hospitals is a significant problem with far reaching consequences. This study was planned to evaluate reasons for cancellation of elective surgical operation on the day of surgery in Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad. METHODS From July 2006 to June 2007 the medical records of all the patients who had their operations cancelled on the day of surgery in...

Surgical Anatomy

Surgical Anatomy

Surgical Anatomy

The adrenal glands were first described in 1552 by the Italian anatomist Bartolomeo Eustachi in his Opuscula Anatomica as ‘‘glandulae renis incumbentes’’ (glands lying on the kidney) [1], but their function remained controversial for the next 300 years [2]. The adrenal have a dual origin (Fig. 2.1a, b), i.e. the cortex arises from mesoderm whereas the medulla has a neuroectodermal origin [2]. T...